s]cp¶mÄ -- hn[n hne¡pIÄ

Malayalam

  :




    

apl½Zv kzmenlv AÂ ap\ÖnZv


! " 
hnhÀ¯\w: kpa¿ a\m^v Acot¡mSv
&'
( ) :#$%
]cntim[\: apl½Zv Ipªn DZn\qÀ

+ ,-  :$

*

tIm]tdäohv Hm^okv t^mÀ ImÄ & ssKU³kv

d_vh þ dnbmZv þ kuZn Atd_y
&.
*

/*
 0&*  1 2
3&4 0&3 56
766

1429
1429 – 2008
2008
 1

#*
+*
8
#.

s]cp¶mfnsâ - hn[n hne¡pIsf¡pdn¨v {]apJ kuZn

]WvUnX\mb ssiJv kzmenlv AÂ ap\ÖnZnsâ ^Xvh

{]hm-N-I³(
) ]d-ªp: “FÃm P\-Xbv¡pw BtLmj-§-

fp−v” “CXv \n§-fpsS BtLm-j-am-Wv.” ChnsS {]hm-N-I³
]cm-aÀin¨ hkvXpX - Cu c−v BtLm-j-§-fpw, apÉn-
§Ä¡v am{X-am-bp-Å-XmWv F¶m-Wv.
“CuZpÂ^nX-zÀ”Dw“CuZp Afvlm”bpw IqSmsX apÉnw P\-
Xbv¡v aäv BtLm-j-§-fn-Ã. A\kv()]d-bp-¶p. “AÃm-lp-
hnsâ Xncp-Zq-XÀ (
) aZo-\-bn BK-X-\mb thf-bn aZo\
bnse P\-§Ä c−v BtLm-j-§Ä sIm−m-Sn-bn-cp-¶p. B
Znh-k-§-sf AhÀ DÕ-hm-tLm-j-§-tfmsSbmbncp¶p BN
cn-¨ncp¶Xv. {]hmN-I³(
) A³km-dp-I-tfmSv CXns\¡p-dn-¨m-
cm-ªp. AhÀ X§-fpsS BtLm-j-§sf¡pdn¨pw Ah-cpsS
DÕ-h-co-Xn-sb-¡p-dn¨pw hnh-cn¨p sImSp-¯p. At¸mÄ {]hm-
N-I³ C§s\ {]Xn-h-Nn-¨p. “B Znh-k-§Ä¡v ]Icw-- aäv
c−v Znh-k-§sf AÃmlp \n§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn¨p X¶n-cn-¡p-
¶p. Ah-tb-¡mÄ DXvIr-jvS-amb c−v Zn\-§Ä:- CuZpÂ
^nXvdpw Cu Zp Afvl-bpw”. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
Cu c−v kpZn-\-§Ä AÃm-lp-hn \n¶pÅ AS-bm-f-§-fmWv
-B A\p-{K-l-§Ä¡v \mw AÃm-lp-hn-t\mSv \µn-Im-Wn-¡p-
Ibpw Ah-bpsS e£-y-{]m]vXn Ic-K-X-am-¡p-Ibpw thWw.

CuZv Zn\¯nse hn[n hne-¡p-IÄ.

1. {hXm-\p-jvTm-\w:
s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯n t\m¼-\p-jvTn-¡Â \njn-²-am-Wv.
A_p kCuZv AÂJpZvcn () dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvX ‘AÃm-lp-
hnsâ {]hm-N-I³ (
) CuZp ^nXvÀ Zn\-¯nepw CuZpÂ

s]cp¶mÄ - hn[n hne¡pIÄ 1

 ‫ أ

واَدا‬:
‫ا‬
 2

Afvl-bpsS Zn\-¯nepw {hX-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-¶Xv hne-¡n-bn-«−-v

’ F¶v lZokv CXv {]_-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. (apkvenw) -
2. s]cp-¶mÄ \a-kv¡mcw:
CuZv \a-kvImcw (s]cp-¶mÄ \a-kv¡mcw) \nÀ_Ô (hm-Pn-
_v)-am-sW¶ ]£-¡m-cmWv Nne ]Þn-XÀ. l\^n ]Þn-
X-·mcpw ssiJv AÂ CÉmw C_v\p Xoan-¿bpw Cu hmZ-
¡m-cm-Wv. Nne ]Þn-X-·m-cm-Is« s]cp-¶mÄ \a-kv¡mcw
^Àfv In^-(kmaq-lnI _m²-y-X-)bm-sW¶ ]£-¡m-cm-Wv.
k-aq-l-¯nse \nÝnX iX-am\w Bfp-I-sf-¦nepw \nÀÆ-ln-
¨m FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw _m²-yX XoÀ¶-p Ipä hnap-à-cm-¡-
s¸-Spw F¶XmWv l³_en hn`m-K¯nsâ hni-zmk {]am-
W-w. aq¶m-a-sXmcp hn`mKw CuZv \a-kv¡mcw {]_-e-amb
kp¶-¯m-sW¶v hni-z-kn-¡p-¶p. (amenInIfpsSbpw im^n
IfpsSbpw aZvl-_v)
3. kp¶¯v \a-kv¡mc§Ä:
s]cp-¶mÄ \a-kvIm-c-¯n\v apt¼m ]nt¼m kp¶¯v \a-
kv¡m-c-§Ä \nÀÆ-ln-t¡−--Xn-Ã. C_v\p Aºmkn \n
¶pw \nth-Z-\w: {]hm-N-I³ (
) s]cp-¶mÄ \a-kv¡mcw
\nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶-Xn\v apt¼m ]nt¼m kp¶¯v \a-kv¡m-c-
§Ä \nÀÆ-ln-¡-en-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. ]s£ ]Ån-bn sh¨mWv
CuZv \a-kv¡mcw \nÀÆ-ln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv F¦n XoÀ¨-
bmbpw Xln-¿-¯p akvPn-Znsâ kp¶¯v \nÀÆ-ln-¡Â
\nÀ_-Ô-am-Wv.
4. kv{XoIfpw CuZv \a-kv¡m-c-hpw:
{]hm-N-Isâ(
) kp¶¯v A\p-k-cn¨ Hmtcm apÉnapw
CuZvKmlp-I-fn `àn km{µ-ambn IÀ¯-hy \njvT-tbmSv
IqSn kt½-fn¨v kl-I-cn-t¡−--Xm-Wv. BÀ¯hImcnIfmb
k{XoIÄ akvPnZpIsf IqSmsX AÃmlphns\ kvacn¡p¶
Øe§fn \nt¶m AXn\mbn kwLSn¸n¡s¸Sp¶ hn
Úm\kZÊpIfn \nt¶m hn«p \n¡m³ ]mSnÃ.

s]cp¶mÄ - hn[n hne¡pIÄ 2

 ‫ أ

واَدا‬:
‫ا‬
 3

lnPm_nÃmsX kv{XoIÄ kz´w ho«n \n¶pw \nÀ_

Ôambpw ]pd¯nd§m³ ]mSnÃ
s]cp-¶mÄ BtLm-j-¯nsâ ac-ym-Z-IÄ: \n_-Ô-\-IÄ:
1. kv\m\w:
s]cp-¶m-fnsâ s]cp-am-ä-N-«-¯n-sâ Gähpw {]_-e-amb Im
cyw \a-kv¡m-c-¯n¶v AW-bp-¶-Xn¶v ap¼pÅ Ipfn-bm-Wv.
kCuZv _n³ Pp_-bvdn \n¶pw \nth-Z-\w: aq¶v Imc-y-
§Ä s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯n kp¶-¯m-Wv.
1.CuZv Kmln-te¡v \S¶v bm{X sN¿Â
2.kv\m\ \nÀÆ-lWw (Ip-fn)
3. eLp `£Ww (Cu-Zp ^nXvÀ)
(_pJmcn, apkvenw)
2. CuZv Kmln-te¡v ]pd-s¸Spw ap¼pÅ `£-Ww:
CuZp ^nXvÀ \mfn `£Ww Ign-¡msX CuZv KmlnÂ
t]mI-cp-Xv. ImcWw A\kv _n³ amen-¡n () \n¶pw
_pJmcn () \nth-Z\w sN¿p¶ lZo-kn C§s\ ImWp-
¶p. {]hm-N-I³ (
) CuZnsâ Zn\-§-fnÂ, GXm\pw Imc-
¡-IÄ `£n-¡msX ]pd-s¸-Sm-dn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. Ah Häbmbn-
«m-bn-cp¶p \_n(-k) AXv `£n-¨n-cp-¶Xv. ]s£ _en-s]-cp-
¶mÄ \mfn \a-kv¡mcw \nÀÆ-ln¨ tijw `£Ww Ign-
¡p-¶-XmWv A`n-Im-a-yw. AXv _en-b-dp¯ amwk-¯nÂ
\n¶pw Hcp `mKw `£n-¡p-¶Xv hsc-bm-bn-cn-¡Â D¯-a-am-
Wv.
3. XIv_oÀ sNmÃÂ
s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯n XIv_oÀ sNmÃp-¶Xv {]_-e-amb
kp¶-¯m-Wv. Camw Zmd-àvX-\n-bn \n¶pÅ Hcp \nth-Z\
{]Imcw C_v\p DaÀ () CuZp ^nXvÀ Zn\-¯nepw _en
s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯nepw CuZv Kmln-te¡v ]pd-s¸«v AhnsS
F¯n Camw CuZv Kmln AW-bp-¶Xv hscbpw XIv_oÀ
[z\n DbÀ¯m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p.
s]cp¶mÄ - hn[n hne¡pIÄ 3
 ‫ أ

واَدا‬:
‫ا‬
 4

4. Biw-k-ssI-am-dÂ:
CuZnsâ kpZn-\-¯n P\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw CuZm-iw-k -
ssI-amdmw. GXp cq]¯nepÅ BiwkIfpw BImhp
¶¯mWv. #  8
9:;4
(A-Ãmlp Fsâbpw \n§-fp-sSbpw kXvIÀ½-§Ä kzo-I-cn-
¡p-am-dm-I-s«). Pp_bvÀ C_v³ \p^bv ]d-bp-¶p: {]hm-
N-Isâ(
) Ime¯v P\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw Biwk ssIam-dn-
bn-cp-¶Xv Cu DXvIr-jvS-amb {]mÀ°\ D]-tbm-Kn-¨m-bn-cp-
¶p. (C_v\plPÀ)
5. hkv{X-[m-c-Ww:
Pm_nÀ () ]d-bp-¶p: \_n(-
) Xsâ Ppº (\o-f³ Ip¸m-
bw) s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯nepw shÅn-bm-gvN-I-fnepw [cn-¡m-dp-m-
bn-cp-¶p. (kzlolv C_v\p Jpsska (1765)) AÂ ss_l-Jn-
bn \n¶pw \nth-Z-\w: C_v\p DaÀ () Xsâ Gähpw \Ã
hkv{X-§-fm-bn-cp¶p s]cp-¶mÄ Zn\-¯n AWn-ªn-cp-¶-
Xv. AXvsIm−v \mw \½psS Gähpw \à hkv{X-§Ä
AWnªv \mw CuZp-Km-lp-I-fn-se-¯p-I.
6. hgn-am-dÂ:
Pm_nÀ C_v\p, A_vZpà () \nth-Z-\w: \_n(-
) CuZv Zn
\-¯n CuZv Kmln BK-an-¡p¶ hgn-bn \n¶pw hy-X-y-
kvX-ambn asämcp hgn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv Xncn¨v ho«n-te¡v
Xncn¨v \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. (_pJmcn)

=> ?:@" ? A  :B ?;C DC <3 #) 8

<"

H= 
E'
G 8 F


***************

s]cp¶mÄ - hn[n hne¡pIÄ 4

 ‫ أ

واَدا‬:
‫ا‬